Do I Have to Wear an Abaya or Hijab in Saudi Arabia?

Jul 2, 2025

A Saudi woman shops for abayas at a clothing store in Jeddah. While wearing the abaya is no longer legally required, many women in Saudi Arabia continue to choose it in various styles and colors as part of evolving modest fashion norms.

Dress codes have eased, but many Saudi women still opt for the abaya as modesty norms adapt rather than disappear. (Shuttertock)

Saudi Arabia has relaxed many of its dress rules in recent years, but expectations around modesty remain. For both Saudi and foreign women, what to wear depends on where you are, who you’re with, and how you want to be perceived.

Do women still have to wear an abaya or hijab in Saudi Arabia?
Not necessarily — but context matters. Women are no longer legally required to wear an abaya or cover their hair, whether they are Saudi or foreign. However, modest dress is still expected in public spaces. That usually means avoiding tight, short, or sheer clothing, and opting instead for outfits that cover the arms and legs. Many foreign women choose to wear a long tunic or kimono-style jacket, especially in more conservative areas.

Are Saudi women still wearing traditional black abayas?
Not always. The black abaya is no longer the only option. In recent years, it has become a medium for personal expression, with designs in various colors, fabrics, and cuts. There are abayas tailored for work, casual outings, and even athletic wear — reflecting the evolving roles and routines of Saudi women.

What about the headscarf?
The headscarf, known locally as a tara (not to be confused with the shaila in the UAE), is worn with more variety today. Some women choose to match it to their abaya or style it depending on the occasion. During religious holidays or formal events, modest and coordinated looks are still common, where tradition and fashion meet.

What should women consider in different settings?
In more conservative towns or during religious events, covering the hair or opting for a looser, more traditional outfit is often seen as a sign of respect, even if it’s not legally enforced. In larger cities like Riyadh or Jeddah, you’ll see a wider range of styles, especially among younger women.

Saudi Arabia is changing, and so are its dress norms. But modesty remains a cultural value — observed not out of compulsion, but often from tradition, comfort, or the desire to blend in. Understanding these nuances helps visitors and residents alike navigate public life with confidence and respect.